Assignment from Tri Djoko Wahjono, Ir., M.Sc.
1.
Why is computer literacy vital in today`s world?
Computer Literacy means the level of Experience someone has
with computers. It is also known as digital literacy. As we are living in
digital world so it is very important to access computer literacy.
Computer literacy or digital literacy involves having current
knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses. The requirements that
determine computer literacy change as technology changes. As computers become
more a part of everyday life, many people believe that computer literacy is
vital to success
Computer literacy vital in today`s world because it has
already become a part of our lives and without a computer we can't survive.
Companies now rely on computers to store information, communicate with other
computer to share information and resources.
2.
What is a computer, and what is the relationship
between data and information?
In generally A computer is
a general purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations.
Since a sequence of operations can be readily changed, the computer can solve
more than one kind of problem.
In specially a computer is an electronic device, operating
under the control of instructions stored in its own memory, that can accept
data,process the data according to specifiedrules, produce results and store
the result for future use.
Data is a collection of unprocessed items, which can include
text, numbers, images,audio and video. Example : data of students` height in
BINUS University
Information conveys meaning and is useful to people. Example
: average students` height in BINUS University.
We need to collect data and process it to become information.
Data will not be usefull if it is not processed into information. Information can
be served to reader.
3.
List and describe the five components of a
computer
Computer have five components, there are input
device, output device, system unit, storage device and communication device.
Input device allows you to enter data or
instructions into a computer. Example: keyboard,
mouse, touchscreen, light pens, joystick, camera, scanner, microphone that
provide input to the processor
Output device conyes information to one or
more people. Example: printer, speaker, projector, earphone and monitor.
System unit is a case that contains the
eletronic components of a computer that are used to process data. System unit
reffered to CPU.
Storage device records items to and from
storage media. Example : cd-rom, flash disk, hard-disk
Communication device enables a computer to
send and recieve data, instructions and information to and from one or more
computers
4.
What are the advantages and disadvantages that
users experience when working with computers?
Advantages:
A computer has the following advantages to a student:
ease in research work especially if the computer is internet enabled, typing of
assignment, and communication with other student, design work in courses such
as graphic design, entertainment and games during free time among other
activities.
They can help you automate various tasks that you cannot do
manually.
They can help you organize your data and information.
They have much more computing and calculating power then an ordinary human.
They may help your work to be a lot easier.
They can help you communicate with friends, coworkers and other contacts.
They have many search engines to help you find information quickly.
They can help you organize your data and information.
They have much more computing and calculating power then an ordinary human.
They may help your work to be a lot easier.
They can help you communicate with friends, coworkers and other contacts.
They have many search engines to help you find information quickly.
Disadvantages:
One of the
disadvantages of using computers is the strain it put on a person's eyes who is
looking at a computer screen for long periods of time. Another disadvantage to
using computers is that it has caused some people to have a lack in personal
communication skills.
They can have negative effects on your social life and
interactions with other people if you do not maintain the balance between time
online and offline.
They may distract students from their studies.
Too much time in front of monitor may adversely affect your eyesight.
Sitting in front of a computer for too long without exercise can cause a weight gain and other health issues.
They may distract students from their studies.
Too much time in front of monitor may adversely affect your eyesight.
Sitting in front of a computer for too long without exercise can cause a weight gain and other health issues.
5.
What is a network and what are its benefits?
A network is a group of two or more computer systems linked
together. There are many types of computer networks, including:
local-area
networks (LANs) : The
computers are geographically close together (that is, in the same building).
wide-area
networks (WANs) : The
computers are farther apart and are connected by telephone lines or radio
waves.
campus-area
networks (CANs): The
computers are within a limited geographic area, such as a campus or military base.
home-area
networks (HANs): A
network contained within a user's home that connects a person's digital
devices.
In addition to these types, the following
characteristics are also used to categorize different types of networks:
topology : The geometric arrangement
of a computer system. Common topologies include a bus, star, and
ring. See the Network topology diagrams in
the Quick Reference section
of Webopedia.
protocol : The protocol defines a
common set of rules and signals that computers on the network use to
communicate. One of the most popular protocols for LANs is called Ethernet.
Another popular LAN protocol for PCs is the IBM token-ring
network .
architecture : Networks can be broadly
classified as using either apeer-to-peer or client/server
architecture.
Computers on a network are sometimes called nodes. Computers anddevices that allocate resources for a
network are called servers.
Benefits:
I . Shared Knowledge
Networking is great for sharing ideas and
knowledge. Whether it’s asking for feedback or discussing your point of view,
it will help you expand your knowledge and allow you to see things from another
perspective.
It is also likely that within a group there will
be those who have already been where you are today. This provides you with an
opportunity to learn and avoid some of the common pitfalls they experienced.
II. Opportunities
It’s natural that networking will result in
opportunities. The thing you will not know is when or how they will
materialise. Whether it’s a referral, offer partnership or request for your
service or product, it is important to be ready to seize opportunities when
they come along.
III. Connections
Remember you are not just gaining exposure to
the people in the room, you are building connections with their network too. If
someone they know has a need that matches your business, if you have made an
impression, you will likely get a referral.
And remember it’s not just a one-way street. If
someone in your network matches a business you encounter at an event, don’t
hesitate to share their details. It will only strengthen your relationship.
IV. Increased confidence
By regularly networking, and pushing yourself to
talk to people you don’t know, it will help increase your confidence. This is
an important attribute as a business owner, because your business growth is
dependent on talking to people and making connections.
V. Raising your profile
Being visible and getting noticed is a big
benefit of networking. By regularly attending business and social events,
people will begin to recognise you. This can you help to build your reputation
as a knowledgeable, reliable and supportive person by offering useful
information or tips to people who need it. You are also more likely to get more
leads and referrals as you will be the one that pops into their head when they
need what you offer.
6.
How are the internet and world wide web used?
The internet is a worldwide collection of networks that
connects millions of businesses, government, educational and individuals. People
use the internet to communicate with other people, conduct research and access
information, participate online training, bank services, entertaining, download
music and video and many more.
The world wide web is a global library of documents
containing information that is available to anyone connected to internet.
The
Web is just one of the ways that information can be disseminated over the
Internet. The Internet, not the Web, is also used for e-mail,
which relies on SMTP, Usenet news groups, instant messaging and FTP. So the Web is just a portion of the Internet,
albeit a large portion, but the two terms are not synonymous and should not be
confused.
7.
How is system sofware different from application software?
There are
two types of system software: operating system and utility programs.
Operating system:windows,mac
os, linux, ect
Utility programs
: perform maintenance-type tasks usually ralted to managing computer, its
device or its programs
The other
one is Application sofware consists of programs designed to make users more
productive. Example : web browser, word processing software, database sofware,
presentation software, spreadsheet software. They are reffered as Ms office
The
Difference between system software and application software is that, system
software can run independently of the application software, while application
software cannot run without the presence of the system software. System
software gets installed when the operating system is installed on the computer,
while application software is installed according to the requirements of the
user.
System
software consists of programs that interact with a compture on a basic,
operational level. Application software deals with higher level, user-end
programs such as word processors and speadsheets.
8.
What are the
differences among the types, sizes, and function in following categories:
personal computer(desktop), mobile computers and mobile device, game consoles,
server, mainframes, super computer and embedded computer?
Industry classify
computers into seven categories:
-
PC : the computer
that can perform all of its nput, processing, ouput and storage activities by
itself. Example : iMac
-
Mobile computer :
is a personal computer you can carry from place to place. Example: macbook air.
And the other one is mobile device is a computing device small enough to hold
in your hand. Example iPhone 5S
-
Game Console: is
a mobile computing device designed for single-palyer or multiplayervideo games.
Example : playstation, PSP, ect
-
Mainframe: is a
large, expensive powerful computer that cna handle hundreds or thousands of
connected users simultaneously an can store tremendous amounts of data, instructions
and information. Often reffered as big iron
-
Super computer :
most fastest and powerfull and also most expensive computer and is used for
application requireing complex, sophisticated mathematical calculations.
Example : for research and national security
-
Embedded computer
: special support computer that function as as component in a larger product. Example
: brake technology for car
9.
What is the role
of each element in an information system?
Hardware,
software, data, people and procedures to produce timely and useful information
combines into make an infomation system.
People in
information technology department develope procedurs fo processing data and
then by following procedures people enter data into computer. Software process
the data and directs the computer hardware to store changes in storafe media
and produce information in a desired form.
For example
: IT department make a software to collect data about tax. And then accounting
people insert the data and then the software processes it and it become a
information in a desired form.
10.
How do the
various types of computers users interact with computer
There are
five categories of users:
-
Home user :
family member who use computer for variety reasons such as budgeting and
personal financial management, web access, communication and enterntainment. Such
as : father and mother
-
Small office/home
office : they access internet to look up information and use basic business
sofware and industry-specific software. Such as : online shop
-
Mobile users :
employees and students who work on a computer but away from main office or
school. They use mobile device such as smartphone and notebook
-
Power user : they
use a workstation or other powerfl computer to work with industru-specified
software. The usually exist in all types of business.
-
Enterprise user :
they work in or interacts with a company with many employees abd uses a computer
and network that process high volumes of transactions in a single day. Such as
worker in national security
11.
How does society
use computers in education, finance, government, healt care, science, publishing,
travel and manufacturing?
In educatuion
: sttudents use computers and software to assist with leaning and make homework
In finance :
people use computer for online banking and online investing
In governemnet
: provides web to citizens with up to date information
In health
care : computer is used to maintain patient records, monitor patirents and
deliver medication to nurse via robots
In science :
all branches of science use computers to assist with collecting, analyzing,
modeling data and communicatin with colleagues
In Publising:
use computer to assist in designning
pages and make contents interesting and available online
In travel :
use some type of online navigation system to help people around the wolrd move
quickly and safely.
In
manufavtured : use computer-aided manufacturing to assist with manucafaturing
process.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar